The effects of hormone-mediated PI3K/AKT signaling on spermatogenesis in Sertoli cells

The phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway is crucial for Sertoli cell development and completing spermatogenesis. Its main role to promote proliferation inhibit apoptosis. Many factors activate the PI3K/AKT pathway, like hormones, such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), androgen, estrogen, insulin name a few. of these have receptors inside or on surface cells (SCs). This review summarizes how hormones directly regulate in SCs, which turn affects SC differentiation. Further, hormone-mediated also stimulates secretion, essential germ development, suggesting an indirect during These functions include promoting spermatogonia differentiation, meiosis spermatocytes, sperm maturation, their release. provides potential hints clinically treating male infertility issues cryptorchidism cell-only syndrome.